Here's a detailed explanation:

Nectar Collection:

1. Honey bees visit flowers in search of nectar, a sweet, energy-rich liquid secreted by plants to attract pollinators.

2. They use their long, tube-shaped tongues (proboscis) to extract nectar from flower cups.

3. Nectar is stored in their honey stomach, a specialized part of their digestive system specifically designed for this purpose.

Enzymatic Conversion:

1. Back at the hive, bees regurgitate the nectar and share it with other bees in the colony.

2. The regurgitated nectar contains an enzyme called invertase, which breaks down the complex sugars into simpler ones.

3. This process converts the nectar into honey, making it more stable and suitable for storage.

Honey Production:

1. Bees store the honey in hexagonal cells within the honeycomb, which is made up of wax produced from their own bodies.

2. They fan the nectar with their wings, creating a draft that helps to evaporate excess water and thicken the honey.

3. This process can take up to two weeks, depending on the nectar flow and colony strength.

Daily and Colony Production:

1. A single honey bee can produce around 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey per day.

2. A strong colony with a healthy queen and adequate forage can produce up to 60-100 pounds (27-45 kg) of honey per year.

Body Organs Involved:

1. Honey stomach (crop): stores and regurgitates nectar.

2. Invertase enzyme: breaks down complex sugars.

3. Salivary glands: produce enzymes to mix with regurgitated nectar.

4. Wings: fan the nectar to aid evaporation.

Nectar Requirement:

1. Honey bees collect nectar from a variety of flowers, requiring around 2-3 pounds (0.9-1.4 kg) of nectar to produce 1 pound (0.45 kg) of honey.

2. The amount of nectar required depends on the colony's strength, forage availability, and honey production goals.

Challenges Faced:

1. Nectar flow variability: dependent on weather, flower availability, and seasonality.

2. Pests and diseases: threaten colony health and honey production.

3. Human activities: habitat destruction, pesticide use, and climate change impact forage and colony survival.

In summary, honey bees collect nectar, convert it into honey through enzymatic processes, and store it in the honeycomb. The amount of honey produced daily and by the whole colony depends on various factors, including nectar availability and colony strength. Bees face challenges like nectar flow variability, pests, and human activities, which can impact their ability to produce honey.